This free of charge application permitted to access to a range of information such as the opening hours, history facts… However, it lasted one year and then the company made a radical transformation.
This could be possible thanks to an open database and a phone’s camera. It was the first general public application which recognized and gave information about public areas. For example, Xplora was an application developed in Grenoble and based on the augmented reality. Thousands of applications using AR technologies have emerged on the digital market to meet consumer expectations and facilitate their everyday life. The military sector is using for several years AR technologies to create new weapons and develop new defensive systems. In the industry sector, AR technology is already used by 88% of the mid-sized companies to produce new products and help create new innovations to address societal challenges. In the healthcare sector, AR is allowing researchers and caretakers to improve their treatments. People are becoming always more connected to this new technology as they use it more and more through multiple devices. AR now can help people in their everyday life: there are countless stores that allow you to try product online, from glasses to clothes, but also antique shops and decoration boutiques. This success illustrates the new capacities of digital technologies thanks to the Augmented Reality. When Pokémon Go was launched on smartphones by Nintendo in 2016, the application was downloaded by at least 1 billion people (which currently represent 14% of the world population) in less than one year. What is the economic role of augmented reality in nowaday society? Recently, the success of the game Pokémon Go and the massive use of Snapchat have amplified its notoriety so that augmented reality is starting to develop for the general public.
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So, with the advent of smartphones and tablets, the AR industry is booming, and many companies are finding professional uses for them. It was necessary to use a computer, a screen and other cumbersome peripherals that were difficult to use in the field. However, for a long time, technological barriers limited its use.
Very quickly, companies understood the stakes of this technology and tried to appropriate it. It was mainly developed for experimental and professional purposes (army, industry, medicine, etc.). Advances were made in the 1980s with HUD (Head-up display) systems and with NASA, but it wasn’t until the 1990s that the exact term augmented reality was coined by Boeing employees. It was a helmet with two lenses at eye level and connected to the computer by an articulated arm, which earned it the nickname of the Sword of Damocles.
But the first augmented reality system was designed in 1968 by Ivan Sutherland during research at the MIT. It was first conceptualized by Horton Heilig in 1962 with the creation of a helmet (Sensorama) equipped with sensors to simulate a scene. by acting as a lens through which we look at an augmented version of reality. While virtual reality makes the user live in this universe with a helmet and motion sensors, augmented reality enriches reality by integrating computer-generated graphics (objects or effects) with the real world that surrounds us, i.e. It is initially derived from the notion of virtual reality, which appeared in the 1990s and refers to an evolution in techniques for representing a world in 3 dimensions. Nowadays, we can’t ignore the impact of Augmented Reality as it is becoming a part of our everyday life.Īccording to Ronald T Azuma, a researcher at the University of North Carolina, Augmented Reality refers to an interface between « virtual » data and the real world.